如來是阿羅漢,但一般的阿羅漢不是佛。阿羅漢與佛的共同特質只有戒成就、定成就、慧成就、解脫成就、解脫知見成就等一樣,除此之外,一般的阿羅漢的其他成就都遠遠不及佛。

    例如,在佛陀成佛以前,曾在印度的森林裡摸索解脫之道,他曾拜優蹋藍弗、羅勒迦藍等兩位當代印度的禪定靈修瑜珈大師為師。這兩位大師分別證得世間禪的最高成就,一人證得第四禪的無想定;另一人則證得無色定的非想非非想處定。

    當佛陀成佛以後,第一時間就想去度化這兩位大師,只可惜這兩位大師福薄緣淺,竟然先一步往生,無緣聽聞佛法。

    後來,佛陀以神通去觀察,發現這兩位大師分別投生在色界最高的無想天與無色界最高的非想非非想處天。

    佛陀又發現這兩位大師生前在禪修時,都曾受過干擾而發過惡願。

    優蹋藍弗大師曾被水中跳耀的魚吵得無法入定,因此曾發惡願要宰殺這些魚。後來,這位大師很精進,終於重獲禪定,證得無想定。但當他在無想天的定境退失以後,就要重入輪迴,投生在人間的邊地當暴君,虐殺人民無數。而這些被他虐殺而冤死的人民,就是當時曾干擾大師禪修的水中魚。

    而羅勒迦藍大師在禪修時曾被空中的鳥與陸地的走獸所干擾,當時他很氣憤,也發願要屠殺這些飛禽走獸。後來,大師很精進,又重獲禪定。當他在無色界天的壽命結束後,又投生在欲界,變成一隻長著雙翅的飛狸,專吃飛禽走獸。 

    在佛陀般涅槃之後,有一位名叫須深的外道女性沙門來請教摩訶拘絺羅尊者為什麼世尊沒有進一步去預言這兩位大師何時可以解脫。

    摩訶拘絺羅尊者在佛弟子中被佛譽為四無礙解第一,他是舍利弗尊者的舅舅。摩訶拘絺羅尊者表示因為沒有人問,所以世尊沒有說。尊者並表示佛陀具有一切知智,而他不具如來的十種超能力與智慧,所以無法預言這兩位大師何時可以解脫。 

    本經是說明如來與一般的阿羅漢有很大的差別,其中包括本經所介紹的十力」。本經的內容與巴利聖典《相應部》第22經、《中部》第10經、《增支部》第12經的內容完全相同。如來的十力,即十種諸天、梵天、天魔、外道沙門婆羅門、阿羅漢等所無法具有的十種超能力與智慧,

    這十種超能力與智慧只有佛陀才擁有,分別如下:

一、知覺處非處智力,即能知一切事物的道理和非道理的智力;

二、知三世業報智力,即能知一切眾生三世因果業報的智力;

三、知諸禪解脫三昧智力,即能知各種禪定及解脫三昧等的智力;

四、知諸根勝劣智力,即能知眾生根性的勝劣與得果大小的智力;

五、知種種解智力,即能知一切眾生種種知解的智力;

六、知種種界智力,即能普知眾生種種境界不同的智力;

七、知一切至所道智力,即能知一切眾生行道因果的智力;

八、知天眼無礙智力,即能以天眼見眾生生死及善惡業緣而無障礙的智力;

九、知宿命無漏智力,即知眾生宿命及知無漏涅槃的智力;

十、知永斷習氣智力,於一切妄惑餘氣,永斷不生,能如實知之的智力。

選譯自《雜阿含經》第684

喬正一白話譯於西元2015/11/26農曆十五日八關齋戒日

    我是這樣聽聞的:

    那個時候,佛陀是住在古印度的舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園林裡。

    有一次,世尊告訴眾比丘:「如果比丘對於色蘊能生厭,遠離對色蘊的貪欲,滅盡對色蘊的貪,使之不再生起,由此而得解脫,這樣就叫做阿羅漢、三藐三佛陀;對於受、想、行、識等精神現象,也是如此。

    又如果比丘對於色蘊能生厭,遠離對色蘊的貪欲,滅盡對色蘊的貪,使之不再生起,由此而得解脫,這樣就是已慧解脫的阿羅漢;對於受、想、行、識等精神現象,也是如此。

    比丘們!如來、應供、等正覺與一般的阿羅漢之間還是不一樣,他們之間有什麼樣的差異呢?」

    比丘們都說:「世尊是正法的根本,正法的眼目,正法的依憑,希望如來能為我們解說,我們聞法後,定會信受奉行!」

    佛陀說:「你們仔細地聽好!要好好地記住並思惟!我現在為你們解說。

    如來、應供、等正覺的聖者,他是無師自通,他自出生後從未曾聽聞過正法,但卻能憑自己的宿世波羅蜜而覺悟,於現世中親自證知而得正覺;

    他成佛後又能演說正法,教導並協助眾聲聞弟子證悟,他的教導包括:四念處、四正斷、四如意足、五根、五力、七覺分、八聖道分等道法(即三十七道品)。

    以上,就叫做如來、應供、等正覺。

    如來對於眾生所未獲得的法都已見到,未制定過的梵行也能制定,能圓滿地自己證知、也能清楚地去解說並引導大眾走向解脫;而聲聞弟子也都能隨法、隨道而樂於奉行大師的教誡與教授,安住於正法中。

    以上,就是如來、應供、等正覺的聖者和一般阿羅漢之間的各種差異處。

    其次,還有一般修行人的五力與如來的十力的差別。

    什麼是一般修行者的五力?就是信力、精進力、念力、定力、慧力。

    什麼是如來的十力?

    如來對於什麼是可能實現的與不可能實現的都如能實知道;他清楚什麼是邪見,什麼是正見。

    以上,如來成就以上的第一種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

    如來對於過去、未來、現在業報現象,能如實清楚、準確地分別什麼是『因』、什麼是『果』。對於什麼樣的『果』究竟是什麼樣的『因』與『緣』所造成的,他都能清清楚楚的如實看到,絕不會非因計因而弄錯;

    以上,就是如來的第二種智力。如來成就以上的第二種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

    如來對於各種禪定、解脫、三昧、正受等境界,都能很清楚、準確地區別它們的染或淨。

    以上,就是如來的第三種智力。如來成就以上的第三種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

    如來能夠清楚知道眾生的各種根性的差別;

    以上,就是如來的第四種智力。如來成就以上的第四種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

  如來能清楚知道眾生的各種知見;

    以上,就是如來的第五種智力。如來成就以上的第五種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

  如來能夠如實知道世間眾生的各種世界;

    以上,就是如來的第六種智力。如來成就以上的第六種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

  如來能夠如實、準確地知道一切眾生因煩惱而造做的各種善惡行,來世將會投生到六道中的哪一個世界裡;

    以上,就是如來的第七種智力。如來成就以上的第七種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

  如來能以宿命通清楚地看到自己與眾生過去生生世世的種種,能從一生至百千生,從一劫至百千劫,當時出生在什麼民族,姓名是什麼,吃什麼樣的主食(如東方人的主食是米麵,西方人的主食是麵包),受什麼樣的苦樂,壽命有多長…….。在那裡死後,在這裡受生;在這裡死後,又在彼處受生。有這樣的行為,有如是的因緣,有如是果報。過去世生命的流轉變動,都能如實地知道;

    以上,就是如來的第八種智力。如來成就以上的第八種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

    如來能以清淨、超越凡夫的的天眼,看見眾生的生與死時,當眾生輪迴重生後的長相是美或醜,出身是高貴或低賤,是投生於惡道或善道…..,如來能隨眾生所造的善惡業而受報的情況都能如實地知道。

    如來清楚看見了有眾生成就了身惡業,成就了口、意的惡業,去毀謗賢聖,執著邪見,由於這樣的惡業因緣,所以死亡後墮入惡道,投生在地獄中;如來也清楚地看見有眾生因身的善行,口、意的善行,不去毀謗賢聖,心中有正見,由於這樣的善業因緣,所以死亡後投生於天上等善道中。

    以上,就是如來的第九種智力。如來成就以上的第九種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

  最後,如來已斷盡一切的煩惱,證得到心解脫與慧解脫,在現世中很清楚知道:『我這一生已是歷劫生死輪迴的最後一站,我已達到最高的梵行成就,我已經沒有什麼好再修持了,我這一世的生命結束時不會再有來生了。』

    以上,就是如來的第十種智力。如來成就以上的第十種智力,所以得到了過去諸佛最殊勝的智慧,能轉動清淨的法輪,在大眾中像獅子作吼一般演說正法。

    如來的十種智力,也只有如來才能全部擁有,這就是如來與聲聞聖弟子之間的差異處。」

    當佛陀說完後,比丘們聽聞佛陀所說的法,都心生歡喜,並依法奉行。

原文/

雜阿含684(力相應/道品誦/修多羅)
  如是我聞:
  一時,佛住舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。
  爾時,世尊告諸比丘:
  「若比丘於色生厭、離欲、滅盡、不起、解脫,是名阿羅訶、三藐三佛陀;受、想、行、識亦如是說。
  若復,比丘於色生厭、離欲、[滅盡、]不起、解脫者,是名阿羅漢慧解脫;受、想、行、識亦如是說。
  諸比丘!如來、應、等正覺,阿羅漢慧解脫,有何種種別異?」
  諸比丘白佛:
  「世尊是法根、法眼、法依,唯願為說,諸比丘聞已,當受奉行。」
  佛告比丘:「諦聽!善思!當為汝說。
  如來、應、等正覺者先未聞法,能自覺知,現法自知,得三菩提,於未來世能說正法,覺諸聲聞,所謂:四念處、四正斷、四如意足、五根、五力、七覺分、八聖道分,是名如來、應、等正覺,所未得法能得,未制梵行能制,能善知道,善說道,為眾將導,然後聲聞成就隨法、隨道,樂奉大師教誡、教授,善於正法,是名如來、應、等正覺,阿羅漢慧解脫,種種別異。
  復次,五學力、如來十力。
  何等為學力?謂:信力、精進力、念力、定力、慧力。
  何等為如來十力?謂:如來處、非處如實知,是名如來初力,若成就此力者,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,轉於梵輪,於大眾中能師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來於過去、未來、現在業法、受因、事報如實知,是名第二如來力,如來、應、等正覺成就此力,得先佛最勝處[],能轉梵輪,於大眾中作師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來、應、等正覺禪、解脫、三昧、正受,染惡、清淨、處淨如實知,是名如來第三力,若此力成就,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來知眾生種種諸根差別如實知,是名如來第四力,若成就此力,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來悉知眾生種種意解如實知,是名第五如來力,若此力成就,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來悉知世間眾生種種諸界如實知,是名第六如來力,若於此力成就,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來於一切至處道如實知,是名第七如來力,若此力成就,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來於過去宿命種種事憶念,從一生至百千生,從一劫至百千劫:我爾時於彼生,如是族、如是姓、如是名、如是食、如是苦樂覺、如是長壽、如是久住、如是壽分齊,我於彼處死,此處生;{彼處生此處死}[此處死,彼處生],如是行、如是因、如是方、宿命所更,悉如實知,是名第八如來力,若此力成就,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來以天眼淨過於人眼,見眾生死時、生時,妙色、惡色,下色、上色,向於惡趣、向於善趣,隨業法受,悉如實知:此眾生身惡業成就,口、意惡業成就,謗毀賢聖,受邪見業,以是因緣,身壞命終墮惡趣,生地獄中;此眾生身善行,口、意善行,不謗賢聖,正見業法受,彼因、彼緣,身壞命終,生善趣天上,悉如實知,是名第九如來力,若此力成就,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  復次,如來諸漏已盡,無漏心解脫、慧解脫,現法自知身作證:我生已盡,梵行已立,所作已作,自知不受後有,是名第十如來力,若此力成就,如來、應、等正覺得先佛最勝處智,能轉梵輪,於大眾中師子吼而吼。
  如此十力,唯如來成就,是名如來與聲聞種種差別。」
  佛說此經已,諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。

巴利語經文
SN.22.58/(6). Sammāsambuddhasuttaṃ
   58. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho rūpassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto sammāsambuddhoti vuccati. Bhikkhupi, bhikkhave, paññāvimutto rūpassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto paññāvimuttoti vuccati.
   “Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vedanāya nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto sammāsambuddhoti vuccati. Bhikkhupi, bhikkhave, paññāvimutto vedanāya nibbidā …pe… paññāvimuttoti vuccati.
   “Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ… viññāṇassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto sammāsambuddhoti vuccati. Bhikkhupi, bhikkhave, paññāvimutto viññāṇassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto paññāvimuttoti vuccati.
   “Tatra kho, bhikkhave, ko viseso, ko adhippayāso, kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ, tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa paññāvimuttena bhikkhunā”ti? “Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaññeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti. “Tena hi, bhikkhave suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–
   “Tathāgato, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā maggaññū, maggavidū, maggakovido; maggānugā ca, bhikkhave, etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchāsamannāgatā. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso, ayaṃ adhippayāso, idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa paññāvimuttena bhikkhunā”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

MN.12/(2) Mahāsīhanādasuttaṃ
   146. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati bahinagare aparapure vanasaṇḍe.
  ……(編者刪略)
   148. “Dasa kho panimāni, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti. Katamāni dasa?
   “Idha, sāriputta, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato sabbatthagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi sāriputta, tathāgato sabbatthagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato anekadhātunānādhātulokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato anekadhātunānādhātulokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīnaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīnaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe– ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo …pe… iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti– ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti– ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yampi, sāriputta, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, idampi, sāriputta, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Imāni kho, sāriputta, dasa tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
  ……(以下編譯者刪略)
   150. “Cattārimāni, sāriputta, tathāgatassa vesārajjāni yehi vesārajjehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti. Katamāni cattāri?
   “‘Sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ime dhammā anabhisambuddhā’ti. Tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, sāriputta, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, sāriputta, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
   “‘Khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānato ime āsavā aparikkhīṇā’ti. Tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, sāriputta, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, sāriputta, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
   “‘Ye kho pana te antarāyikā dhammā vuttā, te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’ti. Tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatīti nimittametaṃ, sāriputta, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, sāriputta, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
   “‘Yassa kho pana te atthāya dhammo desito, so na niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’ti Tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā koci vā lokasmiṃ sahadhammena paṭicodessatī’ti nimittametaṃ, sāriputta, na samanupassāmi. Etamahaṃ, sāriputta, nimittaṃ asamanupassanto khemappatto abhayappatto vesārajjappatto viharāmi.
   “Imāni kho, sāriputta, cattāri tathāgatassa vesārajjāni yehi vesārajjehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
  ……(編者刪略)

AN.10.21/ 1. Sīhanādasuttaṃ
   21. “Sīho bhikkhave, migarājā sāyanhasamayaṃ āsayā nikkhamati. Āsayā nikkhamitvā vijambhati. Vijambhitvā samantā catuddisaṃ anuviloketi. Samantā catuddisaṃ anuviloketvā tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ nadati. Tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā gocarāya pakkamati. Taṃ kissa hetu? ‘Māhaṃ khuddake pāṇe visamagate saṅghātaṃ āpādesin’ti!
   “‘Sīho’ti, kho bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, tathāgato parisāya dhammaṃ deseti, idamassa hoti sīhanādasmiṃ.
   “Dasayimāni bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti. Katamāni dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sabbatthagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave tathāgato sabbatthagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato anekadhātuṃ nānādhātuṃ lokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato anekadhātuṃ nānādhātuṃ lokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti …pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato sattānaṃ nānādhimuttikataṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti …pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ indriyaparopariyattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti …pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīnaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vodānaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Yampi …pe… pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti …pe… brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe, ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti, iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Yampi bhikkhave, tathāgato anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo …pe… iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti– ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā; ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yampi bhikkhave, tathāgato dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena …pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, idampi, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa tathāgatabalaṃ hoti, yaṃ balaṃ āgamma tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti.
   “Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa tathāgatassa tathāgatabalāni, yehi balehi samannāgato tathāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.