嫉    妒

嫉妒是指因為競爭，對於他人的幸運或潛在的幸運懷有一種冷漠、貶低、排斥、甚至是仇視的心理狀態，又可稱為「眼紅」、「吃醋」、「見不得人好」、「酸葡萄」等等。

嫉妒是一種很複雜的心理狀態，它可衍生出焦慮、恐懼、猜疑、憎惡、敵意、怨恨、報復等諸多負面的心態。對象包括他人的身材、容貌，和日漸透顯出來的聰明才智與表現；又或者如榮譽、地位、成就、財產、威望等各種社會的評價，甚至是在情感的關係中，如情敵、第三者等，都可以是嫉妒的對象。

但是，對於佛教而言，嫉妒是一種毀滅性的心態，它會阻礙成功與進步。因此，在北傳《分別善惡業報經》中提到，嫉妒會阻礙人獲取權勢、地位與威望；唯有不嫉妒，才能享有龐大的權勢、崇高的地位、與廣大的影響力。

有一次，比爾蓋茲接受美國著名主持人Larry King的專訪，他問比爾：「你『嫉妒』Steve Jobs【蘋果電腦公司的創辦人】嗎？」(Is there any jealousy involved?) 

比爾蓋茲回答的很妙：「『嫉妒』不會招來成功，『被鄙視』才會！」

比爾蓋茲並沒有說他不會嫉妒，他的意思應該是說「微軟」若要創科技一哥的地位，得到世界億萬眾人的崇拜，那麼他勢必要除去「嫉妒」。這種說法，與佛教的教義不謀而合。

本經的重點是敘述阿那律尊者的妹妹，身染皮膚病，因而容貌醜陋。嗣經由建設講堂的功德，而沖淡了前生的惡業。佛陀解釋阿那律的妹妹身上所染的皮膚病，是因過去前生的某一世，因一時的嫉妒犯下的惡業所致。

選譯自南傳巴利英譯《法句經註釋》

喬正一中譯於中華民國一○○年十月九日星期日八關齋戒日

有一次，阿那律尊者來到迦毘羅衛城，並住在該城的僧團中。

當時，阿那律所有的俗家親屬都前來造訪他，唯獨他的妹妹蘿妮公主沒有出現。

後來，阿那律獲悉是因為妹妹身染痲瘋病，於是派人去請她來。

蘿妮公主因病而容貌醜陋，羞於見人，故將頭部包住。

阿那律便告訴妹妹可以造作功德善行，如此或可沖淡往昔的惡業。他建議她可變賣珠寶首飾及名貴的衣服，用這筆錢為僧伽建造一座講堂。

蘿妮公主欣然同意，立即行事。

阿那律並請其他的親友一起協助建造大廳。他又建議蘿妮就算是完工後，每天依然親自清掃地板，填滿水壺。

 蘿妮公主很有善根，對哥哥的話很有信心，所以依照指示每天都這麼做，結果她的病情果然漸有改善。

當講堂的大廳完工後，佛陀與諸比丘們便受邀來到講堂應供。用過餐後，佛陀想要見這座講堂的捐贈者以及這次供養的施主。但蘿妮因羞於見人，所以沒有出現，於是佛陀派人去請蘿妮出來。

佛陀見到了蘿妮公主，便問她是否知道自己的病是什麼因緣造成的？ 

蘿妮表示不知情。 

佛陀說這是因為她前世出於惡意與嫉妒，做出傷害他人的惡行所致。於是，佛陀便說了一段蘿妮公主的前生往事：

在蘿妮公主過去多生的某一世中，有一世，她是一名皇后。當時，國王很喜愛一名美麗的舞孃，這個皇后非常的嫉妒，於是她決定惡整這名舞孃。

有一天，她要她的侍女將一些會讓皮膚搔癢的毒粉灑在舞孃的床及棉被上，接著她們以開玩笑的口吻誘騙舞孃，然後將毒粉灑在她的身上。舞孃全身搔癢難忍，接著產生痛楚。舞孃痛癢難耐，便衝進自己的房間躺臥在床上，結果更加劇了痛癢。 

就因為那一世的惡劣行徑，使她今生感染痲瘋病。 

佛陀勸告在場的聽眾千萬不要因一時的憤怒或嫉妒而做出傷害他人的愚蠢惡行。 

接著，佛陀便誦出以下的偈語：

放下憤怒，

捨棄驕傲自大，

擺脫（貪婪）束縛，

如此苦難便不會降臨，

可免於惡果報應的折磨。

    當佛陀說完以後，蘿妮公主與在場的聽眾都證得了初果，蘿妮公主的痲瘋病也完全的消失了，她的肌膚變得非常的細緻、光滑、及誘人。

On one occasion, Thera Anuruddha visited Kapilavatthu. While he was staying at the monastery there, all his relatives, with the exception of his sister Rohini, came to see him. On learning from them that Rohini did not come because she was suffering from leprosy, he sent for her. Covering her head in shame, Rohini came when she was sent for. Thera Anuruddha told her to do some meritorious deed and he suggested that she should sell some of her clothing and jewelry; and with the money raised, to build a refectory for the bhikkhu. Rohini agreed to do as she was told. Thera Anuruddha also asked his other relatives to help in the construction of the hall. Further, he told Rohini to sweep the floor and fill the water-pots every day even while the construction was still going on. She did as she was instructed and she began to get better.

When the hall was completed, the Buddha and his bhikkhus were invited for alms-food. After the meal, the Buddha asked for the donor of the building and alms-food, but Rohini was not there. So the Buddha sent for her and she came. The Buddha asked her whether she knew why she was inflicted with this dreaded disease and she answered that she did not know. So the Buddha told her that she had the dreadful disease because of an evil deed she bad done out of spite and anger, in one of her past existences. As explained by the Buddha, Rohini was, at one time, the chief queen of the king of Baranasi. It so happened that the king had a favourite dancer and the chief queen was very jealous of her. So the queen wanted to punish the dancer. Thus one day, she had her attendants put some itching powder made from cow-hage pods in the dancer's bed, her blankets, etc. Next, they called the dancer, and as though in jest, they threw some itching powder on her. The girl itched all over and was in great pain and discomfort. Thus itching unbearably, she ran to her room and her bed, which made her suffer even more.

As a result of that evil deed Rohini had become a leper in this existence. The Buddha then exhorted the congregation not to act foolishly in anger and not to bear any ill will towards others.

Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows:

At the end of the discourse, many in the congregation attained Sotapatti Fruition. Princess Rohini also attained Sotapatti Fruition, and at the same time her skin disease disappeared, and her complexion became fair, smooth and very attractive.

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